You improve memory power mainly through active recall and spaced revision, plus the basics your brain needs: good sleep, exercise, and focus. Memory is not a fixed talent; it is a skill and a result of habits, and both can be trained.
Use active recall. The strongest memory technique is testing yourself, not re-reading. After learning something, close the book and try to recall it. The effort of remembering is exactly what strengthens the memory.
Use spaced repetition. Review what you learn after a day, then a few days, then a week. Revisiting information at spaced intervals moves it into long-term memory far better than cramming it once.
Connect and visualise. Link new information to what you already know, and turn it into vivid images, stories, or acronyms. The brain remembers connected, visual things far better than isolated facts.
Protect your sleep. Memory is consolidated during sleep, so skimping on sleep directly weakens recall. A well-rested brain remembers; a tired one forgets. This is one of the most underrated memory boosters.
Example: A Class 12 student in Jaipur who kept forgetting what she studied switched from re-reading to self-testing, revised on a spaced schedule, and fixed her sleep. Within weeks she was retaining far more with the same study time.
One practical tip: Teach what you learn to someone else, or explain it aloud as if teaching. If you can explain it simply from memory, it is truly stored, and teaching is one of the most powerful memory tools there is.